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Preventing cheating in research activities

Display Page for Printing 更新日：2021年9月9日更新

Researcher Code of Conduct

平成27年１月20日制定

National Institutes of Natural Sciences aims to establish and operate a core research institute in the field of natural sciences related to space, energy, matter, life, etc. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Science Of 5 Inter-university Research Institute, while making use of the features of each institution, and working on elucidation of the structure and function of a wide range of natures beyond each field in a comprehensive manner, a new science of natural science In addition to creating new academic fields and their development with the aim of developing new businesses, we are working to foster young researchers. In addition, by utilizing the characteristics of Inter-university Research Institute, in cooperation with universities etc., we are working to strengthen research capabilities centered on the natural science field of Japanese universities.
　科学が、その健全な発達・発展によって、より豊かな人間社会の実現に寄与するためには、研究者は、社会に対する説明責任を果たし、科学と社会、政策立案・決定者との健全な関係の構築・維持に自覚的に参画すると同時に、その行動を自ら厳正に律することが求められている。本行動規範は、日本学術会議の提案する科学者の行動規範（平成25年１月改訂版）に準拠して制定する。

1. Basic responsibility of the researcher

Researchers have a responsibility to secure the quality of expertise and technology they produce, and make use of their expertise, technology and experience to support human health and welfare, social safety and well-being, and global environment. Be responsible for contributing to sustainability.

2. Researcher attitude, scientific advice

Researchers will always judge and act honestly, in good faith, strive to maintain and improve their own expertise, skills and techniques, and will do their best to scientifically demonstrate the accuracy and legitimacy of the knowledge generated by scientific research. Researchers also give fair advice to the public welfare.
At that time, aware of the seriousness and responsibility of the impact the speaking of researchers give to the public opinion and policy formation, along with the note so as not to abuse the authority, on scientific knowledge Section clarify the diversity of uncertainty and opinion Ru Explain to.

3. Description and release

Researchers disclose the significance and role of research they are involved in and actively explain them, evaluate their possible impacts on humans, society and the environment, and the possible changes that they can cause, and the results are neutrality and objectivity. Publicize it and work to build a constructive dialogue with society.

4. The duality of the use of scientific research

Researchers recognize that the results of their research may be exploited in a devastating manner against the researchers' own intentions, and when conducting research and publishing results, the society Select appropriate means and methods.

5. Research activity

Researchers act in good faith in accordance with the purpose of this Code in the process of planning, planning, application, implementation and reporting of their research. By publishing research results in the thesis, researchers must be aware of their accomplishments and be responsible according to their role. In addition, we will try to acquire knowledge and skills about the methods to be protected regarding research activities and techniques and thoroughly record and save research and survey data based on the regulations of each organization and strictly handle them, making new materials, tampering and plagiarism Do not commit or commit misconduct.

6. Development of research environment

Researchers are aware that establishing and maintaining a fair environment that enables responsible research and prevention of fraud is also an important responsibility of the research community, and that the research community We will continuously work on qualitative improvement and education and enlightenment of fraud prevention. We also seek to gain social understanding and cooperation to achieve this.

7. Consideration to research subjects

Researchers respect the personality and human rights of collaborators in research and consider well-being. For animals, treat this with a sincere attitude.

8. Seki with others Section

In addition to appropriately judging the achievements of others, researchers listen humblely to critiques of their own research and exchange opinions in a sincere manner. Evaluate the performance of others, such as intellectual achievements, and respect honor and intellectual property rights. In addition, actively participate in the researcher's community, especially in the mutual evaluation of researchers in their own specialties.

9. Elimination of discrimination

Researchers do not discriminate individuals according to race, gender, status, ideas or beliefs, religion, etc., in research, education, and academic activities, respond fairly based on scientific methods, and respect individual freedom and personality Do.

10. Conflict of interest

In their research, examinations, evaluations, judgments, scientific advice, etc., researchers pay attention to conflicts of interest between individuals and organizations, or between different organizations, and respond appropriately while considering publicity.

11. Proper Use of Public Research Funds (*)

In use of public research funds, related Section laws, regulations, etc. and various out-of-mechanism, each institution Department with to comply with the prescribed conditions and usage rules in the capital, related with traders Section people of distrust and suspicion in Must act fairly so as not to In addition, we must actively participate in training on the appropriate handling of public research funds, and strive to acquire necessary knowledge and understand the rules.
※ Public research expenses mean all expenses handled by the National Institutes of Natural Sciences with funding for operation grants, scholarship donations, grants, funds, and consignment expenses.

Basic policy to prevent fraud in research activities

平成20年２月28日制定
平成27年１月20日改正
令和３年８月１日改正​

1. Effect

Research activities are new things based on own ideas, analysis, reflection, etc. while using facts and data learned through observation, experiment, consideration, etc., based on the achievements of research conducted by predecessors. It is an act of creating knowledge and constructing a system of knowledge. Inter-university Research Institute Corporation or university / research institute, the results obtained by research activities are presented to the researcher community while presenting objective and verifiable data and materials, and the contents are examined It has been criticized. For sound construction of intellectual property common to humanity by science and science and technology, a verification system established by mutual examination and criticism among researchers based on the integrity of researchers for research activities is indispensable. Cheating is nothing but an act that is contrary to researcher ethics, distorts the essence or purpose of research, and interferes with the normal scientific communication of the researcher community. Misbehavior is not be forgiven because it is a betrayal of the science itself, and it shakes people's trust in science and hinders the development of science.
Inter-university Research Institute Corporation National Institutes of Natural Sciences(hereinafter referred to as “the Organization”) has established a basic policy to prevent fraud in research activities voluntarily to prevent such situations, and to We will strive for the response of

2. Cheating in research activities

　研究活動又はその成果の発表の過程等における主な不正行為を以下に示します。

　一 　ねつ造 存在しないデータ，研究結果等を作成すること。

　二　 改ざん 研究資料・機器・過程を変更する操作を行い，データ，研究活動によって得られた結果等を
　　真正でないものに加工すること。

　三 　盗用　他の研究者等のアイデア，分析・解析方法，データ，研究結果，論文又は用語を当該研究者の
　　了解，又は適切な表示なく流用すること。

In addition to these, clearly list research by listing those who do not qualify as authors, excluding those qualified as authors from the author list, or overlappingly publishing research papers of the same content. It does not exclude the act that is considered to be an activity fraud.

3. Matters to be observed in research activities

Those who conduct research activities at the institute, graduate students, joint researchers, co-researchers and all those who use the facilities of the institute (hereinafter referred to as "researchers etc.") maintain sound research activities, and Therefore, in order to form a research environment in which research activities do not occur as an individual or organization, the following matters must be observed.

  • Don't do anything wrong.
  • Do not take part in any fraudulent act.
  • Do not allow third parties to misbehave.
  • Try to prevent it when you know that cheating is about to take place.
  • Make sure that the preparation and storage of experiments and observation notes can be explained that there is no fraud in their own research.

4. Promotion system to prevent fraud in research activities

Mechanism, research ethics Executive Director was used as a Supervisor of initiatives such as prevention of fraud, the Executive Director research ethics education responsibilities under, to another institution of fraud prevention committee, which is chaired by the (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee".) Work to create an environment that deters misconduct in research activities. Specifically, while implementing research ethics education and various enlightenment activities in the whole organization and each organization, and supporting the preservation and disclosure of research data by organization, a system for promoting effective fraud prevention Service. If the allegations of fraud has occurred, the committee about Section closely with the agency, based on the related regulations quickly and appropriately respond.

Mechanism this Department the role of the - committee

  1. Planning and implementation of research ethics education (common to JAEA)
  2. Planning and implementation of various enlightenment activities (common to JAEA)
  3. Establish and disseminate basic rules for storage and disclosure of research data
  4. In case of suspicion of misconduct, instructions such as preliminary investigations to Director General to which the reportee belongs, implementation of this investigation, publication of individual cases that found fraud, etc.

Role of each organization

  1. Planning and implementation of research ethics education (by organization)
  2. Planning and implementation of various educational activities (by organization)
  3. Development and operation of organization's research data storage and disclosure regulations
  4. Implementation of the preliminary investigation based on an instruction from the committee, cooperation in this survey, about Section conservation of materials, one of the laboratory Department measures of closure, etc.
  5. その他の機関独自の各種啓発活動（研究者等を監督する地位にある者（以下「監督者」という。）又は当該監督者が指名するメンターによる研究作法の指導等）

5. Self-discipline and self-study by researchers who belong to the organization

It is clear that efforts to prevent cheating in research activities can not be effective without being based on the self-discipline of each researcher. The researchers, this basic policy and related Section from the spirit of the regulations correctly understand, mechanism with to take the research ethics education program (institutions) to practice, it was reflected in the research activities of their day-to-day, of unremitting It is required to strive for self-study.

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